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The risk from serious adverse events was reported in 2016 to be low. The long-term effects of e-cigarette use are unknown. It is estimated their safety risk to users is similar to that of smokeless tobacco. Regulated US Food and Drug Administration nicotine replacement products may be safer than e-cigarettes, but e-cigarettes are generally seen as safer than combusted tobacco products. Their part in tobacco harm reduction is unclear, while another review found they appear to have the potential to lower tobacco-related death and disease. Youth who use e-cigarettes are more likely to go on to smoke cigarettes. Following the possibility of nicotine addiction from e-cigarette use, there is concern children may start smoking cigarettes. There is concern with the possibility that non-smokers and children may start nicotine use with e-cigarettes at a rate higher than anticipated than if they were never created. There is tentative evidence they may help people quit smoking, although they have not been proven to be more effective than smoking cessation medicine. The benefits and the health risks of e-cigarettes are uncertain. E-liquids are also sold without propylene glycol, nicotine, or flavors. E-liquids usually contain propylene glycol, glycerin, nicotine, flavorings, additives, and differing amounts of contaminants. There are first-generation, second-generation, third-generation, and fourth-generation devices. Most versions are reusable, though some are disposable. Some e-cigarettes look like traditional cigarettes, but they come in many variations. E-cigarettes are automatically activated by taking a puff others turn on manually by pressing a button. E-cigarettes typically have a heating element that atomizes a liquid solution called e-liquid. Using an e-cigarette is known as "vaping" and the user is referred to as a "vaper." Instead of cigarette smoke, the user inhales an aerosol, commonly called vapor. Īn electronic cigarette is a handheld battery-powered vaporizer that simulates smoking by providing some of the behavioral aspects of smoking, including the hand-to-mouth action of smoking, but without combusting tobacco. In 20, an outbreak of severe lung illness throughout the US has been linked to the use of contaminated black market THC vapes. Vaporizing is more efficient than smoking, because approximately 30% of THC in cannabis or hashish cigarettes is destroyed by pyrolysis during smoking. Sometimes the oil is also mixed with propylene glycol and polyethylene glycol to make it less viscous. Vaporizers can also be used to inhale cannabis oil and waxy concentrates that have been extracted from the plant. This suggests that the vaporization of cannabis may be a safer alternative to combusted cannabis. One study found that cannabis smoke contains 111 compounds (including several carcinogenic PAHs) in addition to the cannabinoids, whereas only 3 additional compounds were identified in cannabis vapor, other than the cannabinoids. Such studies suggest that the absence of combustion results in an aerosol that contains significantly lower amounts of harmful substances found in smoke, such as tar, carbon monoxide, and carcinogenic compounds known as polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). However, those that have addressed vapor quality have demonstrated promising results. Of the studies that have investigated cannabis vaporization, few have addressed the quality of the vapor extracted and delivered instead, studies usually focus on the mode of usage of the vaporizers.

These temperatures are cooler than the combustion temperature of cannabis, which is around 230–315☌ (445–600☏). See also: Cannabinoid § Vaporization temperatures

Hence, the irritating and harmful effects of smoking are heavily reduced, as is its secondhand smoke. When used properly, cooler temperatures due to lack of combustion result in significantly more efficient extraction of the ingredients. The extracted vapor may be collected in an inflatable bag, or inhaled directly through a hose or pipe.

Vaporizers contain various forms of extraction chambers including straight bore, venturi, or sequential venturi, and are made of materials such as metal or glass. extract from tobacco) or tetrahydrocannabinol as a liquid solution. However, they can also be filled with a combination propylene glycol, glycerin, and drugs such as nicotine (e.g. Plant substances can be used, commonly cannabis, tobacco, or other herbs or blends of essential oil. A vaporization heat wand and vaporization chamber bowl used to deliver vapor through a water pipeĪ vaporizer or vaporiser, colloquially known as a vape, is a device used to vaporize substances for inhalation.